Study Guide and Quiz on Organ Systems

The human body is made up of several organ systems that work as one unit. The major organ systems of the body work together, either directly or indirectly, to keep the body functioning normally. Organ Systems Some of the major organ systems of the body include: Circulatory System: The circulatory system circulates blood by pulmonary and systemic circuits. These pathways transport blood between the heart and the rest of the body. Digestive System: The digestive system processes the foods we eat in order to supply nutrients to the body. These nutrients are transported throughout the body by the circulatory system. Endocrine System: The endocrine system secretes hormones to regulate organ function and body processes, such as growth and maintaining homeostasis. Integumentary System: The integumentary system covers the exterior of the body, protecting internal structures from damage, germs, and dehydration. Nervous System: The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. This system monitors and controls all body systems and responds to external influences on the body. Reproductive System: The reproductive system ensures the survival of a species through the production of offspring by sexual reproduction. Male and female reproductive organs are also endocrine organs that secrete hormones to regulate sexual development. Quiz Do you know which organ system contains the largest organ in the body? Test your knowledge with the interactive organ systems quiz.

The Tired Swimmer Case Essay - 601 Words

The Tired Swimmer Case Study Go to this Website: http://www.sciencecases.org/tired_swimmer/tired_swimmer.asp Answer the Following Questions for Parts IïÆ'  IV. Part I: 1. What vital signs or symptoms does Annie exhibit? Fatigue, blurred vision, eye strain, shortness of breath, loss of control over muscles 2. Can you see any common features in Annie’s signs and symptoms? All relate to nervous system 3. Why is Annie having problems breathing? She was walking up flights of stairs 4. What are the possible reasons for Annie’s condition? Peripheral Neuropathy, multiple sclerosis Part II: 1. What additional vital signs or symptoms does Annie exhibit? Double vision, drooping eyelids, strange sleeping habits 2. From the†¦show more content†¦What is the role of the thymus in the body? Training and development of T-cells and T-lymphocytes 2. What is an antigen? Any substance that provokes an adaptive immune response 3. Go back to Figure 1, look at each stage, and predict where the antibodies in Annie’s blood could act to decrease synaptic function at the neuromuscular junction. Stage 4 4. Neostigmine is one drug that may be prescribed for people with myasthenia gravis. This drug, like the edrophonium chloride injection, will make Annie feel stronger. Go back to the flow diagram, look at each stage, and determine how these drugs could work to increase synaptic performance. Neostigmine prevents the breakdown of acetylcholine. Neostigmine helps muscles to contract normally in conditions where they have been weakened by certain types of medicines or medical conditions. 5. 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You should think of swimming as a science. If you apply some scientific methods and laws, then you ll find you can swim much better. Nervous non-swimmers should just think about the solid science that keeps people afloat can give you enoughRead MoreThe Importance Of Swimming As A Science1451 Words   |  6 Pagescan t breathe for long beneath the surface because we breathe air, and rapidly get tired as we thrash through the waves. One big advantage humans do have is we know about sometimes about science. We have studied how forces work and how to use them to our advantage. You should think of swimming as a science. If you apply some scientific methods and laws, then you ll find you can swim much better. Nervous non-swimmers should just think about the solid science that keeps people afloat can give you enoughRead Moreunit 15 study guide Essay examples798 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿The Tired Swimmer Case Study Go to this Website: http://www.sciencecases.org/tired_swimmer/tired_swimmer.asp Answer the Following Questions for Parts IïÆ'  IV. Part I: 1. What vital signs or symptoms does Annie exhibit? Blurred vision and eye strain, hands ache and feel weak, gasping for air, weakness Constant fatigue 2. Can you see any common features in Annie’s signs and symptoms? Blurred vision and eyestrain we must look at the optic nerve within the brain. 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The first video I arrived upon was Kira Mukerji’s â€Å"My 40+LBS Vegan Weight Loss Journey.† Within the first minute of the video, I thought how could this young woman have ever been considered overweight. She explained that being a competitive swimmer throughout middle school and high school caused her to eat fast food on her way to practice every single day. She noticed quite a bit of weight gain from the greasy fast food she ate at fast paces. After feeling bad about how she looked, Kira decidedRead MoreBiopsychosocial Assessment Essay1603 Words   |  7 Pageshis parents never worry about his study and consider him as a smart boy. He is a member of Choir in school and a good singer. He met his girlfriend Jeannine in the Choir as Jeannine was appreciate his singing very much. And also he was a talented swimmer, a member of his school’s swim team. But he quit the swim team after the sailing accident and claimed that he didn’t bel ieve in God. 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Christmas Gifts You Love (to Hate) Essay Example For Students

Christmas Gifts You Love (to Hate) Essay Christmas Gifts You Love (to Hate)Zack ImusChristmas. The most exciting and anticipated holiday of the year. A timewhen visions of sugar plumsor stereos, new cars, the latest computer, andvarious other desirable and expensive giftsdance through our heads. Unfortunately the reality of Christmas gift-giving is often a far cry from ourvisions. When were children, it seems as the holidays approach that anything ispossible. But as we mature and gain experience with this annual observance iteventually begins to dawn on us that it might not always be all its cracked upto be. By the time weve reached our late teenswhen, coincidentally, thepotential for receiving truly outstanding gifts is optimizedwe realize thatChristmas gifts are seldom what we hope for. In fact, from year to year itbecomes possible to actually predict the kinds of gifts youll unwrap onChristmas morning. Lets look at a few examples. The Necessity GiftThe necessity gift is one that always seems like a really great idea toyour mother or grandmother, but which is invariably a big yawn to unwrap. Letsbe realistic, how excited is anybody likely to get over a dozen pairs ofmatching socks, a hairbrush, winter gloves or underwear? Slipper Sox, new sheetsets and toothbrushes also qualify. After unwrapping such a gift, a person islikely to exclaim: Gosh, you shouldnt have! And mean it. The Token GiftThe Token Gift might be received from almost anyone. Though it seems likean intimate friend or close relative wouldnt stoop so low, experience provesthat token gifts take up where imagination and/or money leaves off. So itspossible to receive these kinds of gifts from the most unexpected sources. One present in this category is the ever popular soap-on-a-rope. Ivenever seen these marketed in June. But come early November the soap factoriesundoubtedly pay double-double overtime to their workers in order to meet thevast holiday demand for nameless, pungent-smelling brown soap manufactured overthe top of what appears to be a six-foot-long shoe-string. A note of caution:Soap-on-a-rope should never be given to boys under the age of 12. Theyinvariably turn them into near-lethal weapons. If disappointed enough, theymight even turn them on you. Other token gifts include cheap aftershave lotion/cologne, stationery, andthe ever-popular electric shaver. Though this latter might occasionally fit intothe Necessity Gift category, Ive never met anyone who actually uses an electricshaver. For this reason, this gift might also fit into our next category. The Closet Stuffer GiftCloset Stuffers are exactly what they sound like: gifts that are stuffedinto the closet shortly after Christmas, never to be seen again. The reason theystay there for a very long timegenerations, evenis because most ClosetStuffers make us believe that someday they might be fun and/or useful. But ofcourse, they never are. Great Closet Stuffers include pasta makers, fondue sets, tacky knick-knacks,tie racks, and the ever-popular but usually short-lived all-around exercisemachine. Some of these gifts might have actually been on someones want list. But dont kid yourself. If you purchase such a gift, within weeks it will bedoomed to a life of utter darkness. The I Didnt Know What to Buy You GiftWeve all been guilty of purchasing one of these gifts as some time oranother. But that doesnt make it any more fun to unwrap them ourselves. Many ofthe IDKWBY gifts fall into the food category. Examples include: cheese andsausage gift sets, mixed nuts, chocolate covered cherries or pretzels, tins oftasteless Christmas cookies, ribbon candy, five-gallon tins of assorted flavoredpopcorn and, last and certainly not least, fruitcake. Now some fruitcakeswouldnt qualify for this category. There are actually people in the world whospend months concocting 12-pound, liquor-filled, green-red-yellow speckledwonders (you wonder whats in them) as special gifts for their favoriterelatives. This doesnt make them taste any better, but they do make great door-stops in the off-season. No, only department or drug store fruitcakes fall intothis category. .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6 , .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6 .postImageUrl , .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6 , .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6:hover , .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6:visited , .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6:active { border:0!important; } .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6:active , .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6 .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2e9f26021bbc6ced6c920925828c59e6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: My New Nose EssayOf course, not all IDKWBY gifts are culinary in nature. Calendars qualify,as do chia pets. Enough said. It would be possible to list several other Christmas gift categories thatwould send a cold tingle up your spine. But rather than list any more of these,Id like to give you a few examples of really great gifts: Stereo components(good quality), gold jewelry, an appropriate music C.D., gift certificates, andquality clothing. But if you want to be absolutely certain your gift will be appreciated, gowith cold, hard cash. The receiver is certain to experience the true Americanholiday spirit.

Inherent and Business Risk HIH Insurance Limited

Question: Discuss about the Inherent and Business Risk for HIH Insurance Limited. Answer: Evaluating business risk of HIH Insurance limited: HIH Insurance limited is mainly hindered with insolvency and structure risk from its operations. Moreover, the business risk of the company mainly increased after the inclusion of high risk insurance arenas in their business activities. Bratten et al. (2013) argued that companies with the help of accoutring loopholes are able to inflate their balance sheet and portray wrong valuation of their firm. Organisational structure: Moreover, the companys organisational structure is mainly at risk as it had included high-risk insurance arenas in their operations. This high-risk operations included by the HIH insurance is not approved by the overall Australian Prudential Regulatory Authority (APRA). Moreover, the company also changed the perspective of ordinary policies by reinsuring them and increasing its overall exposure in film and marine insurance. Coetzee and Lubbe (2014) stated that with the help of laid down rules and regulation authorities are able to reduce unethical process conducted by auditors to increase their personal wealth. Risk of Insolvency: In addition, the risk of insolvency could also be identified as the overall inherit risk, which mainly changed from previous fiscal year after the inclusion of higher risk insurance products. Furthermore, the limited information exposure provided to the auditors mainly did not help in identifying the insolvency capacity of the company. In addition, HIH insurance also inflated their balance sheet to make their debt ratio lower, which in turn portrayed the company as solvent to its investors. Griffiths (2012) cited that due to the laws imposed by AASB the unethical measures conducted by companies could be detected, which in turn might help increase investors trust. Stating the inherent risk factors of HIH Insurance Limited: In addition, the overall inherent risk that might affect the financial report of HIH Insurance is the change in its operations. However, the auditors were not able to comprehend the difference in inherent risk of HIH insurance and other insurance companies. Furthermore, the company included future income tax benefit and deferred acquisitions costs in their balance sheet to reduce the debt ratio. Guenin et al. (2014) argued that companies mainly depict wrong valuation to reduce their debt ratio and attract potential investors, which in turn help in increasing their share price. Moreover, detection risk mainly loses its friction if the company omits certain transaction in their balance sheet. In addition, the limited information provided to the auditors mainly reduces the efficiency of the audit procedure. Furthermore, the external auditors mainly relied on the internal audit report of HIH insurance, which resulted in increasing the misstatement detection risk. In addition, the control risk is mainly used in detecting misstatements in financial report. Moreover, the company mainly insured high-risk activities like marine aviation, film financing and natural disaster. Furthermore, the inclusion of these new insurance policies mainly increased the overall inherent risk, which in turn increased the overall misstatement in their financial report (Hribar et al. 2014). Moreover, the misstatements conducted by the official of HIH insurance to its auditors mainly increased the inherent risk of the company. Reference: Bratten, B., Gaynor, L.M., McDaniel, L., Montague, N.R. and Sierra, G.E., 2013. The audit of fair values and other estimates: The effects of underlying environmental, task, and auditor-specific factors.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,32(sp1), pp.7-44. Coetzee, P. and Lubbe, D., 2014. Improving the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Riskà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Based Internal Audit Engagements.International Journal of Auditing,18(2), pp.115-125. Griffiths, M.P., 2012.Risk-based auditing. Gower Publishing, Ltd. Gunin-Paracini, H., Malsch, B. and Paill, A.M., 2014. Fear and risk in the audit process.Accounting, Organizations and Society,39(4), pp.264-288. Hribar, P., Kravet, T. and Wilson, R., 2014. A new measure of accounting quality.Review of Accounting Studies,19(1), pp.506-538.

Rogers Essays - Educational Psychology, Pedagogy, Distance Education

Rogers Drawing from our experiances with formal education , we have come to agree with Rogers to some degree, but also disagree with some of the points that he made concerning freedom in the classroom. There are many components of the theory that would be helpful to the learning process of the student. Rogers believed that the student should be faced with a real problem that holds some ?meaning and relevance for him/her.? (Rogers & Stevens, 53) This would be the first step in facilitating freedom in the classroom. According to Rogers, teachers are very responsible in the creation of the student's inner freedom. Teachers must have many qualities that will allow for self actualization. First, the teacher has to gain confidence in his/her students so that the he/she can allow for freedom in the classroom without feeling that the situation would get out of control. Second, the teacher must be ?real?. (Rogers & Stevens, 54) This means that the teacher is able to show his/her true feelings and emotions in the classroom. Third, the teacher has to be fully accepting of the student's thoughts and opinions, even if they are not perfect. And last, the teacher must show empathy towards the student's fellings. Each of these components allow for inner freedom, helping the student to believe in him/herself. Although we believe that these components do have their place in the classroom, we began to lose confidence in the thoery when looking at the last two facilitating components of inner freedom. According to Rogers, there is no need for any type of structure in the classroom. His theory did not include room for lesson plans, organized lectures, homework assignments, tests, or grades. All students should be allowed freedom in the classroom, but only to a certain extent. Psychology Essays

Battle of the Somme essays

Battle of the Somme essays The aim of this report is to give an overview of the battle of the Somme, and judge the extent to which it can be seen as a success or failure for the allies. The main part will describe the aims and the hidden intensions of the allies. It will also evaluate how far their plans were realized and where they failed. The victories and the defeats of both antagonists will be extensively discussed. Figures and objective circumstances will be analyzed to prove to what extent the battle was decisive for the final outcome of the First World War. Most sources were taken from texts, history books and internet sites which were used as a main source. The battle of the Somme was a joint offensive planned and executed by both the French and British. The idea came from Joseph Joffre, the French Commander and was accepted by Sir Douglas Haig who later took over the operation. It was an attack with the hope to make some kind of territorial gain, and took place in hope to destroy German lines. The French army had been forced to ask help from the British because of their losses in Verdun. This almost lost battle in Verdun caused the French to lose many of their resources. The main aim of the Germans in Verdun was To Bleed France Dry. They chose Verdun because of its symbolic value. A symbol of being a strategic area, which has been fought on for many years between France and Prussia, later to become Germany. The battle of the Somme started on Saturday July the 1st 1916. Haigs strategy was to do eight days of bombing in order to destroy the German front line. He used twenty-seven divisions against the Germans but there were many losses because the bombardment had failed to penetrate the German underground bunkers. Since the Germans were underground, not much had happened to them, while the Allies thought they were going to be able to just Cross the trench area. Haig did not realize that the Germans had spent two years ...

What was the watergate scandal and what was its effect on American Essay

What was the watergate scandal and what was its effect on American politics - Essay Example The idea of pursuing re-election through draconian means seemed attractive to him and his consultants. However, their approach to re-election campaign turned out to be an illegal act. As revealed in May 1972 evidence following the NDC’s office break-in, it emerged that the members of the re-election committee of President Nixon were the culprits of the Watergate burglary. Many intruders, who were linked to the reelection campaign of Nixon, were caught trying to wiretap phones and filch confidential documents (Vaughn 579). Owing to the failure of the wiretaps, the burglars would soon return to the Watergate office on June 17, 1972 to rectify the fault. Unfortunately, a security guard detected when they tapped the locks to Watergate building using a microphone. The guard informed the police of the incident and it was fortunate that the police wasted no time and caught the burglars red-handed (Vaughn 579). Despite the fact that the link between the burglars and President Nixon initially remained oblivious, the link would later be established when detectives identified white house contact of the president’s re-election committee in the baggage of the intruders. President Nixon gave a public speech on August 1972 distancing himself and his office from the burglary. Consequently, he won the trust of most voters, which handed him a landslide victory in November election (Vaughn 579). Nixon later planned financial reward for the burglars to cover up for the crime. However, the plan failed when some of his confidants yielded to the cover-up pressure revealing that the president orchestrated the burglary. Some of his aides were incarcerated in 1973. Nixon was pressured to produce the Oval Office’s taped conversation, which he allegedly possessed. When he finally handed over some of the tapes, the cover up began to blow apart in early 1974. In July 1974, the House of Representatives

Parkinsons Disease Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Parkinsons Disease - Essay Example According to the essay "Parkinson’s disease" findings, usually the patient experience â€Å"resting† tremor. The tremor, however, may disappear when the patient moves voluntarily and when he sleeps. Other symptoms include rigidity of cogwheel type which is due to stiffness and increased muscle tone (Miller & Stein 2000). What happens with rigidity is that the signal coming from the brain is disturbed thus the muscle remains tensed and contracted. As a result, the patient may feel pain when he moves. The muscle also becomes weak because the opposing muscle is relaxed with the same altered brain signal. The patient may also experience bradykinesia characterized by slow automatic movement (Stein & Miller 2000). The movement could be unpredictable. At one time the movement is easy but other times it could be difficult needing assistance. This makes the simple activity like dressing or washing takes time for a patient. Stooped posture is also evident with Parkinson patients characterized by leaning forward and backward. Having this kind of instability may lead to impaired balance and coordination which might cause fall or bumps. As the disease progresses, the patient may also develop shuffling propulsive gait. He may also have the relaxed arm swinging while walking with the bent trunk. Thus a Parkinson patient is said to resemble a car without a break (Hladysz n. d). All of the syndrome effects is a result of the overstimulation of the postural muscle of the neck trunk, and upper limbs.

Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Market - Essay Example Not to get out of the topic, Peron’s main policies in this period were based on his being a close observer of the axis power’s fascist leaders, and this might have been the reason he acquired the Napoleonic view of being a man of destiny. When it occurred to him that the axis powers were defeated, to him this revealed the foolishness of the foreign policy of the Argentine and this established in him a conviction that he had a chance of avoiding the clear mistakes of Franco, Mussolini and Hitler in order to dive argentine to a great height. This paper explores a biography that describes my family background, economic background and current situation, and position in the U.S. political power structure. As often known, any dictator needs a bodyguard, and for this case when eyeing the office of the president, he assembled a band of followers from the row deist urban poor of the Argentina. In order to keep models of the Brown and black shirts, he went ahead labeling his foll owers No shirts with a reason that they lacked the white gentleman’s shirt. This clearly indicated that he was getting a way to middle ground between the communist and the fascist. Certainly, Peron was an ultra-nationalist who did not fear playing upon the class s rivalry. He took advantage of the powers he possessed while a vice-president to attach himself to the working class. In the event, some military officers sensed that Peron was up to something and went ahead arresting him. In response to this, Peron raised worker’s wages and gave them a paid holiday. Certainly, it was a shrewd investment because it is a chance that her mistress used her beauty in rallying his supporters with giant mobs gathering chanting the slogan of releasing him. This was an advantage for him since though this, he was released, as well as elected president in 1946 elections forming the peronista party. The steps he took after assuming power is what has made him be remembered for transformin g the leadership of Argentina. He first went ahead marrying his mistress Eva Peron with opposition being silenced by the bands of No shirts. He along with his team set up and established a full-fledged welfare state alongside granting women voting rights using Eva as the face of the crusades. Noting that the economic policies of the new regime were as bizarre as the Cultural Revolution of Mao, he went to introduce various changes that cut across social, economic, and political. The prominent economic changes entailed freeing Argentina from the foreign dominance through investing heavily in industrialization. This he did by funding the first ever-scientific analysis of Argentina’s Andes Mountains in which he discovered coal and precious metals. With a view to fund the exploration and the social program, he centralized control of imports and exports. In a period of ten years, the true rich Argentina’s resources brought about a stunning social economic growth that actuall y defied the attempts of experts to attempt explaining it under Juan Peron’s erratic policies. On a social ground, the legacy of Nepoleon left a great impression in Peron, in which case the two leaders viewed their people as those who cared little about their liberty, but about the government goal to provide equality. He was called El Leader following his character that established him as being a good fascist and as a good socialist he provided higher wages,

New Zealand Healthcare: Impact of Health Targets and Policy

New Zealand Healthcare: Impact of Health Targets and Policy Analyse the impacts of health targets, campaigns and policy on the New Zealand healthcare demand by using the following determinants: User fees An aging population Increased Immunisation requirements Helping smokers to quit Better diabetes and cardiovascular services More convenient health care in the community Increased Immunization MINISTRY OF HEALTH TARGET: â€Å"90 percent of eight months old will have their primary course of immunization on time by July 2014 and 95 percent by December 2014. The quarterly progress result includes children who turned eight months old during the three month period of the quarter and who were fully immunized at that stage.† It has been shown that the increase rates of children having immunization has a significant contribution in improving the New Zealand’s children health as evidenced by reducing the number of long-term disability triggered by illnesses. The Ministry of Health site one example of the impact of immunization where there is a significant decrease of pneumococcal infection in babies. Since this pneumococcal vaccine introduced in New Zealand, the number of children contracting this virus under two years old has halved (from over 96 percent dropped to 46.4 percent). Those children infected with this virus gets very susceptible and the worst thing will happen was to die if left untreated or developed worst complication. It is also reported that in this modern time, families having a children under two years old is now keen on visiting primary health care services often for vaccinations. The improved rates of contact was seen specifically for Maori and Pacific children as manifested by decrease in the number of hospital admissions for Maori and Pacific children for illnesses. â€Å"By creating an immunization target, tracking immunization events on National Immunization Register and raising the importance of immunization for the children, they will have taken huge strides in recognizing and addressing children health needs† (Ministry of Health 2002). Better help the smokers to quit MINISTRY OF HEALTH TARGET: â€Å"95 percent of hospitalized patients who smoke and are seen by a health practitioner in public hospitals and 90 percent of enrolled patients who smoke and are seen by a health practitioner in general practice are offered brief advice and support to quit smoking.† Indeed, smoking is dangerous. Smoking is said to kill about 5000 individuals each year in New Zealand and diseases that are smoking related are a major prospect rate to the health sector. Majority of the smokers want to quit and the government introduces a simple effective way that can be provided regularly by both primary and secondary care. Last 2007, the Ministry of Health published an update for Smoking Cessation Guidelines which they call it ABC approach. It will help the healthcare workers specifically the frontlines of health such as doctors, nurses and other healthcare professionals to understand the key steps in helping those individuals who smoke to quit on smoking. This approach is to Ask people about their smoking status and document their response, provide a Brief advice on how to stop smoking regardless of their motivation and desire to quit and provide an evidence-based Cessation treatment. This approach does not use to replace the smoking treatment yet this is to provide a key strategies to help in educating and bringing the awareness to every individual who smoke to stop smoking. This approach is also used to lessen the smoke-related hospital admission. Though it is very hard to stop smoking completely, it is said that one out of forty people who receive a good advice using ABC approach will help them to stop from smoking. The government believes that a little help can make all the difference. Better Diabetes and Cardiovascular Services MINISTRY OF HALTH TARGET: â€Å"90 percent of the eligible population will have had their cardiovascular risk assessed in the last five years.† Diabetes and Cardiovascular conditions foresees as a future major health burden in New Zealand. This two conditions said to be the major cause of morbidity in New Zealand and majority affects Maori, Pacific and South Asian peoples. As the people ages, and the lifestyle change, these conditions are possibly to increase significantly. This condition is greatly preventable with lifestyle changes and treatments for those who are at risk individuals. As of now, it is considered as a major and growing reason of disability and premature death. According to report given by Ministry of Health there are nearly 200,000 individuals diagnosed with diabetes and there are also thousands of people who have diabetes but not yet had it diagnosed. Through this targets with the aim of an increase percentage of the entitled peoples will have their cardiovascular risk assessed in the last five years, increase percentage of individuals with diabetes will avail free checks annually and an increase percentage of individuals with diabetes will receive improved diabetes management. The government will help to improve the health condition of those person suffering from this condition and will be able to live the life as normal as possible. The New Zealand government specifically the Ministry of Health is working to manage the existing issue. They are developing number of innovative programs underway to reach those people. They are making sure that those person having diabetes and cardiovascular problem are being managed effectively and are making the necessary changes to reduce the risk. They are now coordinating with the District Health Boards, Local Government and some Non-government organizations to attain the target for better assessment of this two conditions at specified time. Aging population New Zealand has an ageing population. This is one of three demographic trends that characterize recent changes in New Zealand’s population structure: declining fertility, the ageing of the baby boom generation and an increase in average life expectancy. As a result, the composition of New Zealand’s population pyramid is changing, with a widening at the top in the older age groups (Stephenson and Scobie 2002). â€Å"New Zealand is not alone in addressing the implications of population ageing. Many countries are facing the prospect or reality of an increase in the proportion of the population aged 65 and over. One of the main concerns created by an increasing older population is the impact this might have on the demand for and provision of health care and disability services (Ministry of Health 2002d).† â€Å"Changes in the trends in age-specific illnesses will have an impact on the demand for future health and disability services. It indicates that it is not old age per se that results in increasing health costs and demands, but the increased survival of people with poor health into old age. Increased demand for health services may relate to the growth of unhealthy lifestyles in Western countries, with a reliance on processed foods, reduction in exercise and an increase in sedentary jobs. These are associated with increasing obesity, diabetes and heart disease (Jackson 2002). â€Å" Therefore, the potential impact of population ageing on health systems is closely linked to theories about how trends in disability associated with chronic medical conditions and increases in life expectancy might interact with the demand for health services. User Fees The momentum towards achieving health target strengthened the concerns around sustainable health care financing and adequacy of the financing arrangements in this country. There is a necessity of increasing several options to finance health services in other areas of New Zealand and of these options is the institution of user-fees for health. Notably, these fees are charges imposed at the use of idea for different phase of health services and they might be charged as registration fees, consultation fees, fees for drugs and medical supplies or charges for any health services rendered, such as outpatient and inpatient care. Experts who promote user charges in health services view it as a pricing device which signals users and providers of health services as well as health planners in charge of health service outlets on how to manage health resources through payment for services. All the New Zealand residents and citizens can avail the health services for free provided by the government. However, due to the increase in the number of patients visiting to hospitals or any other public facilities there is a long queue before they can be scheduled to ask for a medical advice. And because of this, there is also an increase demand for medical professionals to work in a government facilities to serve for the patients. The government must allocate health care workers enough to solve this issue, they have to properly manage everything such as providing free medicines as well as to manage the number of staff and making sure that there is a less number of staff turn-over to manage the costs. More convenient community healthcare This target by the Ministry of Health was meat already. Ever since they began to change the healthcare delivery system of New Zealand the health of every individual in the community has a significant improvement. There is a lot of New Zealanders seek for medical advice and treatment from the health services. And it is said that 90 percent of those contacts occur in the community sector. It is called primary health care because it is the first place that people’s health needs are met. In 2009, the Ministry of health began to improve their services in the community. They introduce a better, sooner and more convenient approach in delivering health services in the community. This is to focus mainly on the individual health and achieve a better health outcome thereby decreasing the number of individuals going to hospitals if their condition doesn’t need an immediate medical treatment. If the person has to be admitted in the hospital the community will going to provide a referral for the person to be admitted in the hospital. In effect the new approach is removing barriers and creating a continuous health service. After all, from the patient’s point of view is that they don’t necessarily know who the person treating them, they do care about whether the services they receive are good.

Evolution From A Molecular Perspective Essay -- essays research papers

Evolution From A Molecular Perspective Introduction: Why globular evolution? Evolution has been a heavily debated issue since Charles Darwin first documented the theory in 1859. However, until just recently, adaptation at a molecular level has been overlooked except by the scientific world. Now with the help of modern technology, the protein sequences of nearly every known living thing have either been established or are in the process of establishment, and are widely accessible via the internet. With the knowledge of these sequences, one can actually look at several organisms genetic codes and point out the similarities. Entire genomes of creatures have been sequenced, and the human genome project is well underway and ahead of schedule. With this new knowledge comes worries, for humans, however. What if the information stored in our genes was available to the public? Would insurance companies and employers base their selections on these traits? Also, with the total knowledge of every sequence of every amino acid chain in a person's genome, couldn't a laboratory perceivably reconstruct an exact copy of, or clone, that person? These are all issues that will have to be dealt with in the near future, but for now we need only concern ourselves with the objective observation of these proteins in our attempt to explain our ever mysterious origin. As humans, we are the first creatures to question exactly where we came from and how we got here. Some cling to religious creationism as a means, while others embrace the evolutionary theory. As of now, and possibly forever, neither can be proven to be absolute truth with hard facts, and both have their opposing arguments. The point of this paper being composed is not to attempt to abolish the creationist view, a feat that at this point seems impossible, but merely to educate those seeking to unravel the mystery of our forthcoming by pointing out facts that exist in the modern world and that can be quite easily and independently researched. It is conceivable that the two ideas, creationism and evolutionism, can exist symbiotica lly due to the fact that both views have very good points. Hemoglobin: Comparisons between species Of all the proteins in living things, hemoglobin is "the second most interesting substance in the world," as American bioche... ...FHDHPETLDRFDKFKGLK--TEPDMKGSEDLKKHGQTVLTALGAQ--LKKKG 6. ---- TEWEHVNKVWAVVEPDIPAVG--LAILLRLFKEHKETKDLFPKFKEI---PVQQLGNNEDLRKHGVTVLRALGNI-- LKQKG 1. Human Man 2. Cow 3. Sperm Whale 4. Platypus 5. Chicken 6. Shark Table 1.3 Sequence comparisons of globin (information gathered from Hemoglobin and from "Genbank") 1 25 50 75 80 MYOGLOBIN (part two) 1. HHEAEIKPLAQSHATKHKIP--VKYLEFISECIIQVLQSKHPGDFGA--DAQGAMNKALELFRKDMASNYKELG-- FQG 2. HHEAEVKHLAESHANKHKVP--IKYLEFISDAIIHVLHAKHPSNFAA-- DAQGAMNKALELFRKDMASNYKELG--FQG 3. HHEAELKPLAQSHATKHKIP-- IKYLEFISEAIIKVLHSRHPGDFGA--DAQGAMNKALELFRKDIAAKYKELG--YQG 4. QHEAELKPLAQSHATKHKIS--IKFLEYISEAIIHVLQSKHSADFGA--DAQAAMGKALELFRNDMAAKYKEFG--FQG 5. HHEADLKPLAQTHATKHKIP--VKYLEFISEVIIKVIAEKHAADFGA--DSQAAMKKALELFRDDMASKYKEFG-- FQG 6. KHSTNVKELADTHINKHKIP--PKNFVLITNIAVKVLTEMYPSDMIG-- PMQESFSKVFTVICSDLETLYKEAD--FQG 1. Human Man 2. Cow 3. Sperm Whale 4. Platypus 5. Chicken 6. Shark

Five Star and Amtech

Five Star and Amtech Travis Huggard: G00059703 Professor: R. Todd Kane Grantham University Five Star and Amtech When deciding which type of culture was dominant at either 5 Star or Amtech, I had to look at what type of culture their presidents represented. For example, the president of 5 Star, John Tyler â€Å"believed that 5 Star was the far superior company, had effective managers, had clear responsibilities and jobs† (Daft, 2001).On the other hand, the president of Amtech, Jim Rawls, did not believe in organizational ideas, thought that charts were just a barrier in the way of the real job that needed to get done, and he thought highly of the people that worked for him. Five Star makes it obvious that they are an aggressive company, and Amtech is more in the line of kindness brings productivity. After examining the two types of cultures, 5 Star represents a clear achievement culture. They make it no secret that they are competitive, even to the point of acquiring Amtech. St ar also runs everything in an organization fashion that promotes aggressiveness and diligence. They may lack a little in the personal initiative category of the achievement culture, as their managers did state that they â€Å"wish for more empowerment opportunities† Daft, 2001. But even this was not enough to make me change the classification. Amtech represents the culture of clan, as evidence in the way that they promoted face-to-face communication and fairness by rotating jobs so everyone knew how company operations were managed. At Amtech, employees were committed and collaborated often, demonstrating agreement, a value of clan culture.After examining both companies and the way that their presidents conduct business, I am not so sure that there is a culture issue or gap. I did not read anywhere that each particular company’s employees desired for one culture, but worked in another, minus those managers that for more opportunities to be in charge. Each company had th eir own way of conducting business, which was their right, and all employees knew this. As far as the newly formed company, it most likely will be a combination of the four corporate cultures. Each president and his employees promoted and lived by their own set of cultures.I think that this is partly why the the company was formed, to synch cooperate cultures with another while leaning each other’s habits and work ethic. A perfect balance may be asking too much, especially when a culture may have a gap, so it must be taken slowly and not lightly if the combination is going to work. So, If I was John Tyler, or king for a day, the culture technique that I would use or change would be aggressiveness, especially when we know that there will be changes to how work might open up for him during his time here.Also John Tyler might like a little increase in consideration, and personal time After a while, employees like to point out that they need attention, and works of encouragement. Another technique that I would use would be competiveness. I am sore loser, and very competitive, Being good at why I do is why I enjoy comment this culture. References Daft, R. (2001). The Leadership Experience 5th Ed. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. . .

Near East vs Middle East

Near East vs Middle East Near East vs Middle East Near East vs Middle East By Maeve Maddox Readers often encounter the term Near East and wonder how the term differs from Middle East. Near East is the earlier term and, like Far East, was coined from the western perspective of European writers. The earliest example of the use of Near East in the OED is dated 1856. The earliest use of middle East to refer to the countries of Mesopotamia is dated 1876. The first example in which middle is capitalized is dated 1900. According to the AP Style Guide, the countries of the Middle East are Iran, Iraq, Israel, Kuwait, Jordan, Lebanon, Oman, Bahrain, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Egypt, Sudan, and the eastern part of Turkey. Noting that popular usage once distinguished between the Near East and the Middle East, AP recommends using Middle East unless a story source uses the term Near East. Here are some quotations from newspapers: The near-east side, compared to what it was when we first moved down there in 2000, its night-and-day different. You have new home The Middle East is one of the most diverse regions in the world. Despite some turmoil in the region, many countries are considered safe for The Middle East is one of the most interesting regions to travel to, due to the diversity of the people and a fascinating ancient history. Although Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Yiddish Handbook: 40 Words You Should Know"Latter," not "Ladder"7 Sound Techniques for Effective Writing

The Simpsons Way essays

The Simpsons Way essays Its a weekly event for some, and a daily event for others. With this daily occurance you can take a half hour break to have a good laugh, explain a thought of feeling, or get a better understanding about the problems of our society. Its the fun loving cartoon family known as the Simpsons. It may or may not be your favorite show but in one way or another you can relate something in your life to this cartoon family. This is the best cartoon ever produced, and quite possibly the best show running today. The show has stayed on air for over 12 years and not only that, but it has stayed at one of the highest rated time slots of the week. There has to be something right about this show or else it would have fallen years ago. The show uses a unique blend of personalities for each character to exploit issues in our society. The Simpsons consist of a family of two adults and three children. Each character has their own identity and personality, which has been based on individuals of our society within the same family rank. Homer is the father of this family. He is the ignorant moron of the family. The days are spent at work while his evenings are spent either at his favorite bar getting drunk or sitting at home on the couch completely oblivious to his roles as a father figure. Marge, the mother is the do it all housewife. She cooks, cleans, takes care of the kids and does all the things a housewife should do. Bart is based on the saying boys will be boys, and thats exactly what he does. He finds himself doing anything mischivious, careless about school, gets along with everyone, and just seems to find trouble. Lisa is the sister of Bart. She is the studious one who has no friends, has no outside life, spending countless hours doing everything as uncool as possible. Then we are left with Magg ie who is the baby of the family. Maggie is just there. She doesnt talk, doesnt...

The Nature of Reconstruction in African American History Essay

The Nature of Reconstruction in African American History - Essay Example   African Americans participated in huge numbers in the war as soldiers either enslaved by the confederate rulers or as loyalists to the Northern states due to their denouncement of slavery. The northern states, known as the Union, won the war in 1865 with the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee at McLean House Virginia. With the victory of North, and their policy of emancipation was universally implemented in the entire country. This along with other political and social measures taken in the aftermath of the civil war for reconstruction of the war struck areas and to ensure the integration of freedmen in the society are collectively referred to as reconstruction. As mentioned earlier, the reconstruction refers to the steps taken by the federal government to counter the effects of Civil War, specifically on the former Confederate States and on the freedmen. There were various objectives of the reconstruction initiated by the then President Abraham Lincoln and the Republ ican Congress in 1863. An administrative and political structure had to be re-established in the southern states which lost the war. Moreover, their incorporation in the Union itself, and the congress was also to be carried out in the long term. Moreover, even after the war ended, there was a huge following of the ex-Confederate leaders in the nationalist white men of the southern states (Horton, 2005). The status of the Confederate leadership had to be decided in order to avoid any conflict or chaos. Another, rather more serious, issue was to decide the social, economic and political rights of the freedmen under the constitution. Most important of them was the question that whether or not the freedmen should be given the right to vote. Hence, the reconstruction can be thought of as political, social, economic, legal and administrative restructuring of the southern states by the President and the Congress. There were two different approaches followed by the Union politicians during the Reconstruction era. The office of the president, under Abraham Lincoln, and after his death by Andrew Johnson, resorted mostly to administrative measures to avoid conflict, and contain the chaos caused by southern nationalists over the above-mentioned issues. The policy of both presidents was very lenient towards the southern states and ex-Confederate politicians. They wanted the Reunion of Southern States with the federal government as early as possible. Starting from 1862, military governors were appointed in ten out of eleven states which exercised administrative and legal powers. At that time, it was decided that these governors would give way to a political set up when at least ten percent of the white men in a state vowed allegiance to the Union and also accept the declaration of emancipation (the Ten Percent Plan). The states were then allowed to elect their own governor and legislative assembly and write a new constitution embodying concepts of emancipation and federatio n. These measures proved to be very effective in the immediate control of the riots, which had broken in the southern states.

A Reaction to the Article Are Poor People Responsible for Their Own Essay - 4

A Reaction to the Article Are Poor People Responsible for Their Own Poverty - Essay Example Larzelere argues â€Å"Being poor was not a choice, it was a condition brought about by the people in power.† Upon examining the substance of their individual arguments at depth, I feel disposed to prefer the side that acknowledges the truth of poverty as perceived in reality where in general, due to a number of factors that influence our state of the economy, we may not plainly put the blame on the poor. Even if the poor may, to a certain extent, be observed weak in the ability to improve themselves in terms of economy, we ought to understand that they do not merely struggle with the financial aspect of living. Poor people find it difficult to gain inspiration from a depressed environment they dwell in for evidently, the strong presence of vices, crimes, violence, and other elements that threaten to ruin or degrade the quality of life in a society bears negative impact in their attitude toward personal growth. Moreover, we may not have them take the sole accountability of neg lecting to live with decent income and shelter for most of them are either those uneducated or those who receive but an inadequate amount of formal learning so that they barely have a proper way of determining suitable professional careers or of simply employing themselves to be resourceful and persevering in finding work that matches one’s set of skills. Jensen accuses the poor of being lazy, irresponsible, and unable to handle money and the tasks of every day yet on suggesting to remedy this situation â€Å"By developing work ethics and feeling some sense of pride and ownership of the money†, we may with high-pitched voice collectively ask, in return, how? How are these less fortunate citizens able to manage at least knowing what ‘work ethics’ is about if they do not have work in the first place and how can they be proud of monetary possession if the little money they have is immediately spent on basic necessities and nothing remains to be saved for the comfort of future living? Larzelere appears as rather one-sided in suspecting ‘people in power’ when it comes to the matter of significant control over the poor which keeps the latter from advancing to a higher level of self-net worth. I agree, however, to the writer’s biased stand because, in view of the actual occurrences, it seems more reasonable to catch red-handed those who are corrupt in their acquisition of considerable wages with tax anomalies than those who are paying taxes delinquently on the ground of working in an irregular basis.  

Health Care Accreditation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Health Care Accreditation - Essay Example These accreditations are important for clinics because customers tend to trust clinics that have such accreditations. The accreditation of Minnesota Hospital Price Check is not quite compulsory for Mayo Clinic but it is quite important to the patient as such accreditations aid patients in comparing the cost they will be paying for acquiring services. To obtain accreditation, a clinic has to first write an application letter to the accreditation company such as the Joint Commission, next the company provides details about what they will be evaluating and what are the standards, next the company conducts a survey of the clinic and if the clinic is operating according to the standard, the clinic gains accreditation. All accreditations last for a limited period of time, after this period, companies need to gain reaccredited. The process of getting reaccredited starts with an application sent to the accreditation company, the company then conducts an onsite survey and desk assessment and then decide whether to provide accreditation or not. If the organization is expected to loose or has lost its accreditation, the consequences are that consumer stop trusting that company and they start preferring other companies or clinics. " Top Performers on Key Quality Measures | Joint Commission." Accreditation, Health Care, Certification | Joint Commission. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Aug. 2012.

Patch Adams Relection Paper Essay Example for Free

Patch Adams Relection Paper Essay The movie Patch Adams is a truly inspiring movie for all those who wish to become doctors. The reason I enjoyed the movie, as is for most people, is the character and attitude portrayed by the lead actor Robin Williams. His role in the movie is both fascinating and inspiring. He was a man who, although initially considered himself to sick and suicidal, became one of the greatest flames in the medical history. The part that truly inspires me is his passion. There are very few people in the field today who work out of passion and love. In the process of learning every disease, cure and treatment know to man kind, medical students and doctors tend to forget that they are not treating machines but human beings who deserve not just their attention but also their compassion and sympathy. While I was watching the movie I realized that to become a doctor u need to work hard and pass your exams, but more importantly what u need is the interest and desire to really learn and put the acquired knowledge to use. I realized that if one has the passion and desire, then everything will automatically fall into place. I realized that by scoring the highest in your exams or by mastering every word in the book you only become a doctor. To become a great doctor what you need is passion, dedication and, most important of all, compassion. Another thing that I realized while watching the movie is the need to be open minded and to adapt. The field of medicine is an ever growing, ever developing one. With every passing day there is some or the other new disease or treatment. We have to keep our minds open to all such developments and accept the changes. I also learnt that this open mindedness is important not only in the theoretical knowledge we acquire but that practical life we live. One, no matter how high a position they acquire in the field, should always be open to change and suggestions because the only thing constant in life is change. In fact this movie reminded me of something my dad always tell me, â€Å"look at life through the eyes of a child and live each day like it is either your first or your last. If you can do this then what you have in you is not just focus and concentration but also passion, and an open mind and the willingness to learn.†

Importance of Character in Homers Odyssey Essay -- Odyssey essays

Importance of Character in Homer's Odyssey Odyssey, by Homer, is about Odysseus, the king of Ithaca. Odysseus fights in the Trojan War and wins. He travels towards Ithaca but does not reach it because he is not in favor of Poseidon, god of the sea, who prevents his return. For many years, Odysseus wanders the seas and has many adventures. Meanwhile, suitors attempt to marry Penelope, Odysseus' wife, but she remains faithful to her husband. The gods pity Odysseus and assist in his safe return to Ithaca. Though Odysseus has the help of the gods, his personal qualities contribute to his survival in the seas and the return to his family in Ithaca. Odysseus' personal qualities of bravery, self-discipline, and intelligence also help him to survive. Bravery is one of Odysseus' qualities that enable him to survive his adventures. In one adventure, Odysseus encounters the goddess, Circe who has turned his men into pigs. Eurylochus escapes from Circe and tells Odysseus what has happened. When Odysseus offers to rescue the men, Eurylochus says that no man can return alive. Knowing this, the brave Odysseus says, "very well, Eurylochus, you may stay here in this place, eat and drink beside the ship. But as for me, go I must, and go I will" (Line #). In another adventure, Odysseus must visit Hades, the kingdom of the dead. When he arrives, he takes out a cup of blood for the prophet, Teiresias, which attracts all of the dead souls. "All this crowd gathered about the pit from every side, with a dreadful great noise, which made me pale with fear" (Line #). Despite Od... ...sp; Odysseus' intelligence with the Sirens, the Cyclops, and in his plan to kill the suitors, helps him to survive and regain his family. Odysseus' personal qualities of bravery, self-discipline, and intelligence contribute to his survival at sea and his return to his family in Ithaca. His bravery is shown through his encounters with Circe, the dead souls, and Scylla. Self-discipline is shown through the adventures with the wooden horse, Nausicaa, and in disguise as a beggar. And intelligence is shown through the encounters with the Sirens, the Cyclops, and the suitors. Professors Comments Always underline titles of long, epic poems. When quoting, always give the line number of the quote. You have a clear thesis statement, which you fully discuss in your paper.

E-Menu Service

0 Project Planning Document By KP Contents Pages Introduction 3-4 Aims and Objectives 5-6 Project Scope, Milestones, Main Tasks and Deliverables 7-8 Source of Information and Resources Required 8 Project Risks 9-10 Evaluation of Professional, Social, Ethical and Legal Issues 11 Gantt Chart 12 Reference 13 1. Introduction During this project an E-Menu service for restaurants will be designed and created. The system will allow customers to order food and drink at the comfort of their own table, using a touch panel technology installed on every table in the restaurant.Each table top device allows the user to read detailed descriptions of the dishes and beverages available, whilst also displaying an image of the selected item. Placing this system in a wider context – The E-menu service is diverse and can be incorporated to work with any restaurants’ menu. The need for this service: †¢ Improvement of the ordering experience and achieving a better service. †¢ Optimi zation of customer’s satisfaction and loyalty. †¢ Development of new revenue sources for the business. Current E-menu Market ResearchConceptic is a Hi tech company established in 2005 that is active in the field of digital menus for restaurants, pubs and coffee shops (Israel Exporter 2012). The company is based in Israel and currently offers a comparable service to the one I wish to create. Facts and Figures (Conceptic Interactive Menus 2012). †¢ Table Side eMenu, 13% Increase in sales. †¢ Touch Screen Menu for waiting area 5min faster table turn around. †¢ Ipad Menu Wine List 24% Increase in Sales. †¢ Ipad Menu Food List 9% Increase in Sales. †¢ Members’ club sign ups 520% increase.The e-Menu service will benefit any establishment it is installed into. developing an electronic menu o The e-Menu service  offers many benefits to users, in particular with the presentation of your restaurant's menu items and the overall enhanced atmosphere it lends to the dining experience: The  e-Menu  offers far more than the standard paper menu. It brings food to life with vivid photographs of delicious looking meals and comprehensive up-to-date descriptions of each dish. Customers are able to view exactly what they are ordering, eliminating any confusion when the food arrives.Dietary constraints such as nut or gluten allergies will also be displayed when browsing the menu. Diners are also able to see your restaurant's specials on the screen – not tucked away on a faded chalkboard or on an insert in your usual menu. Food is only part of the dining experience. There's also the crucial element of creating the best possible atmosphere in which to enjoy a meal. The  e-Menu  offers a multitude of ways diners can entertain themselves in the process or even during the meal.The customers can choose from many entertainment features offered on the eMenu: †¢ Listen to a their favourite band †¢ Enjoy video clips †¢ Play interactive games †¢ On-screen â€Å"chatting† with diners at other tables  Ã‚   A great deal of research has been done before implicating the project. A lot of different aspects go into a successful ordering system, it must be user friendly/easy to use, have no maintenance issues, robust, longevity within the restaurant and cost effective. 2. Aims and Objectives Aim To create a working version of the E-Menu service.Objectives All objectives follow SMART methodology (specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time bound): †¢ Create a user friendly e-Menu interface, which is quick and easy to navigate through. Usability is fundamental to this system, if the customer doesn’t understand how to navigate through the menu to order their food and drink, the system would become useless. So during the project great care will be taken when designing user interfaces, specifically when designing UI layouts trying to create a layout that is effective and eff icient.Different user interface layouts will go through testing stages, the two layouts that are most successful through testing will be shown to the restaurant we are working with. Their input on the interfaces will aid the final design stage, allowing any adjustments to be made before installation. †¢ Users are able to access social media websites while using the e-Menu system. Hyperlinks for social media websites will be displayed conveniently, allowing easy access for customers to connect to the World Wide Web, to social media sites, advertises the restaurant to many new possible customers.Special offers and promotions are often viewed online and then brought into store to be used, if the restaurant has any possible deals they can offer, using social media is a good way of advertising it. To gain access to a special promotion the customer must ‘Like’ the restaurants’ Facebook page, this is the type of method that will create a lot of awareness for the re staurant. †¢ Common food allergies (Dairy, Eggs, Fish, Nuts, Sesame, Shellfish, Soy, Sulphites, Wheat, Gluten) displayed.The whole menu’s ingredients will be checked to see if any ingredients fall within the top 10 common food allergies. Whatever ingredients are highlighted from the list, will then all be marked with a food allergy logo. When a customer is browsing the menu, and selects a dish to view it closer, a new window opens displaying the food allergy logo with some text stating the dish they are about to view has a food allergy warning. This warning system should stop any user from ordering a dish which may later cause them harm. ‘Side suggestion tab’ incorporated fully into the menu, its purpose to suggest side dishes and beverages to the user once they have selected a main meal. Different main meal choices affect the recommended dishes and drinks. This feature benefits both parties the customers and the restaurant, being recommended which bottle of wine goes well with your main or what side dish will accompany the rest of your food benefits the customer. The restaurant would benefit from the increase in side dishes and drink sales with food; this could always lead to special promotions which encourage loyalty within customers. Users will be able to view online video via YouTube. Hyperlinks will be visible on the e-Menu system, users will be able to view their favourite band, children can watch cartoons while waiting for food to be prepared. †¢ Have access to play interactive games on the e-Menu system. 3. Project Scope, Milestones, Main Tasks and Deliverables Below is a table showing the types of deliverables that are in and out of scope, also lists some of the major functions of the project. this should include Review Point 2, Demonstration and Project Thesis). |Title |In Scope |Out of scope |Reason why.. | |Search facility | |Yes |Time it would take to create a search facility for the| | | | |e-Menu service would not b e good use of the time that | | | | |has been given. |Access to social media websites|Yes | |By allowing users to access their online profile, the | | | | |company’s profile will be viewed a lot more | | | | |(advertising). | |Food and Drink suggestion tab |Yes | |A good addition from the regular menu this deliverable| | | |encourages customers to purchase more. Which may | | | | |increases business for the restaurant. | |Allergy Advise |Yes | |This system is being created so customers have a much | | | | |better understanding of the menu.If you select a main| | | | |meal which includes 1 or more ingredients that may | | | | |cause harm to the customer if they are allergic to | | | | |anything specifically, a warning logo appears whilst | | | | |ordering so the user is aware of the ingredients of | | | | |the dish. | |Create a clean and clear |Yes | |An important part of the ordering system is how users | |interface. | | |navigate around, if users can’t read the inform ation | | | | |then the system fails at 1 of its main objectives. |Customers are able to play | |Yes |This objective is aimed at creating more entertainment| |interactive games | | |for the customer. However I don’t think this objective| | | | |is achievable during the project process. | 4. Sources of Information and Resources Required. A. List of resources used to meet the scope of the project. Software – already own the software, or can gain access to the software at university sites. †¢ Adobe Photoshop CS5 †¢ Microsoft Word, most of the documentation to do with the project will be written up using the softare. †¢ Microsoft PowerPoint, my demonstration will be created on powerpoint. Microsoft Excel, the projects Gantt chart will be made using this software. †¢ Java Programming software. Hardware – purchase needed hardware †¢ Android Tablet †¢ Ipad †¢ Blackberry playbook †¢ Microsoft surface (need to acquire a device befo re testing stage). Companies – †¢ Thai restaurant, I will be contacting the restaurant multiple times over the project. I may need to ask the manager a question or even the waiting staff. Visits will be scheduled so time must be made for these meetings. †¢ Conceptic People – †¢ Group of customers at a specific restaurant spoken to. †¢ Questionnaire given out to people about the e-Menu system before it is released. Questionnaire given out to customers to gather feedback about the e-Menu system. Extra – †¢ Any reading material will be collected from Boots library or the Clifton library. If any book is needed online booking will be completed early to allow for maximum time with the text. †¢ Multiple restaurants will be visited to inspect their menus content and design. 5. Project Risks During the length of the project plan many different objectives needs to be completed. These objectives will not always be consecutively completed on ti me. For example if the E-menu system took longer than expected to programme, it would cause a delay and the next objective after that would be put on hold until work has been caught up.However a resolution for this problem has already been thought about, the time scale of this project already has a built in 2 week contingency back up, which should give adequate time to resolve the issues at hand. Another unexpected delay to the project would be any personal health issues during the development of the project. By planning in extra time for each task, delays can be kept to a minimum or avoided all together, allowing enough time to complete the project on time. Software packages can occasionally not work or crash/break altogether. If a software package crashed and it was impossible to access the software anywhere else. This may cause a delay in the project, work can’t proceed until the problem has been solved or another software package acquired. Resources needed.For the project a 3rd party device will be needed to test the system out on. An Apple iPad or android tablet would work as devices to test the system on. When ordering the devices, delivery needs to be taken into consideration online orders normally come between 1-14 working days (maximum). If the delivery was lost and the product had to be ordered again, this could evolve into another lengthy delay. University hand-ins. During the course of the project other deadlines will need attention also; a clash with deadlines is a possibility. If this was to happen while work on the project could become delayed as workloads add up and less time is available to use.After looking at all these examples of project risks, it is clear that numerous events could potentially put the project at risk. Best way to avoid these risks would be to plan for them. Contingency time has been added to the overall project plan, if needed this added time will allow for any catching up to be done on behind objectives. 6. Evaluat ion of Professional, Social, Ethical and Legal Issues Schedule 1 to the Data Protection Act lists 8 different terms. All terms need to be followed otherwise you will be breaking the law. The e-Menu system we are creating will have to abide by these laws too, term 5 â€Å" Personal data processed for any purpose or purposes shall not be kept for longer than is necessary for that purpose or those purposes† (ISO 2012).Our system if used to its maximum capability will have a lot of personal data being sent around, Billing information, credit card numbers etc†¦ If in the wrong hands this information can be used for dishonest drudgery. It’s within the restaurants best interests to create a safe and secure dining experience. Data Protection Act term 2: â€Å"Personal data shall be obtained only for one or more specified and lawful purposes, and shall not be further processed in any manner incompatible with that purpose or those purposes† (ISO 2012). Computer Misus e Act â€Å"An Act to make provision for securing computer material against unauthorised access or modification; and for connected purposes† (Government 1990) The computer misuse act is another PSEL dilemma that could affect the system. If customers’ data is not safe it could be used for fraud or other criminal offences.The complex E-menu system will deter any hackers from the system, disaster recovery plans for the system will be followed if any attack or hack transpired. [pic] References o Conceptic Interactive Menus. (2012). Home Page. Available: http://www. emenu-international. com/. Last accessed 23rd Oct 2012. o Government . (1990). Computer Misuse Act . Available:http://www. legislation. gov. uk/ukpga/1990/18/introduction. Last accessed 26th Oct 2012. o o ICO. (2012). Data protection principles. Available: http://www. ico. gov. uk/for_organisations/data_protection/the_guide/the_principles. aspx. Last accessed 26/10/12. o Israel Exporter. (2012). Conceptic Intera ctive Menus. Available: http://www. israelexporter. com. Last accessed 23rd Oct 2012. ———————– Gantt Chart for my project.

Open Adoption vs. Closed Adoption

Many children are adopted each year, and with these children being adopted there are adoptions. There are many forms of adoption used throughout the world, but the biggest forms of adoption are closed adoption and open adoption. Open adoptions are adoptions in which the birthmother, the biological mother of an adoptee, is allowed contact with the adoptee. Closed adoption is an adoption where the birthmother of the adoptee is not present in the child’s life in any way shape or form. The birth family is completely cut off and cannot give or receive any information regarding their welfare or the adoptee’s.Closed adoptions are a better option than open adoption and should be mandatory because it would prevent confusion the child may face, allow children to actually fit into their adoptive family, provide privacy and closure and protect families from unstable birthparents. Having multiple sets of parents creates confusion in a family, and mostly for the child. â€Å"Adoptio n was created out of the recognition that children need to feel secure about who their parents are and what their parent’s role is† (Harnack 84). This is what’s best for the child in most if not all adoptions.The child needs to know who exactly is their parent, not a birthparent but the adoptive parent. Adoptive parents are permanent and a child may not grasp that idea with a tentative parent; the birth parent. When a child does not know who their parent is, it creates trouble. The child may even seek out trouble. Children are developing and such an unstable family creates really harsh developmental issues within the adoptee. All children need to know who their parents are and be able to trust that their parents are not going to leave them. Having a birth parent around makes things difficult for everyone, but most importantly the adoptee. The adoptee may have a reduced ability to assimilate into family-Interaction with the birth family may make it harder for the child to assimilate into the adoptive family† (â€Å"Open Adoption: Disadvantages†). This is one of many examples of how adoptive families are not as whole and full as they could potentially be because of problems with the birth parent. The feeling of rejection from a birthmother can seriously impact the intellectual growth and development of an adoptee. A recent interview of an adoptee provided more evidence and demonstrated how the privacy provided with a closed adoption would give the adoptive parents more closure.The fourteen year old adoptee learned about her closed adoption ten years ago when she was four, her parents wanted to wait to tell her until she was eighteen but the adoptee found out through another family member. So then the adoption became open allowing the adoptee contact with her birth mother. â€Å"Now,† said the adoptee â€Å"I speak with my birthmother more than I do my mom† (Anonymous). Her birthmother being a big part of her life, t he adoptee is losing her relationship with her adoptive parents. Her adoptive parents feel that if the birthmother wasn’t so intrusive in their lives that they would have a better relationship with their daughter.This is why the closure and privacy involved in a closed adoption is so critical. Although there are so many benefits in a closed adoption some people still argue that open adoption is not completely the worst option in some cases. Among those arguing are adoptees who develop clinical illnesses in their lifetime. One thing a doctor may ask when a patient is diagnosed with a disease is for medical history. An adoptee in a closed adoption does not have access to their medical history, that information is sealed at a court house as with the contact information of the birthfamily.In some cases the birth family is contacted and refuses to give up the vital information that would be beneficial in the treatment of a patient. â€Å"When an adoptee is denied medical informat ion†¦ he may feel like and adult who has no rights whatsoever† (Eldridge 269). An open adoption would ensure a medical history and prevent the scandal of being without, but this positive factor of open adoption does not outweigh the benefits of the closed adoption. One of those benefits includes escaping the risk of â€Å"an unstable birthparent [who] could cause problems† (Adamec).Many times adoptions occur because the birthparent is unsuited to raise the child. This includes birthparents who abuse drugs, are unemployed or even felonious. Unstable birthparents provide bad examples for adoptees and much of the time influence adoptees. Children have very malleable minds; this is why it is so easy for children to learn. They pick up traits and learn bad habits through the time they spend with their birthparents. There have also been worse cases, for example there are cases where birthparents kidnap the adoptee.The adoptive parents and the adoptee should never have to face the stress or trauma an unstable birth parent would cause. Open adoption has become conventional, almost a standard for adoptions. Closed adoptions are almost unheard of in this day and age. One would think with all the benefits of a closed adoption it would be the standard, but such is not the case. Closed adoptions are a better option because it helps adoptees to actually fit into their adoptive family, helps prevent confusion in an adoptee, provides privacy and closure, and protect the adoptive families from unstable birthfamilies.Work Cited Adamec, Christine. â€Å"†Open† or â€Å"Closed† Adoption? † Family Education. Pearson Education, Inc. , 2004. Web. 23 Feb. 2013. . Anonymous. Personal interview. 22 February 2013. Eldridge, Sherrie. Twenty Things Adopted Kids Wish Their Adoptive Parents Knew. New York: Dell Publishing, 1999. Print. Harnack, Andrew. Adoption Opposing Viewpoints. Miami: San Val Incorporated, 1995. Print. â€Å"Open Adoption: Di sadvantages. † American Pregnancy Association. N. p. , Oct. 2008. Web. 7 Feb. 2013. .

minority and ethnic relations essays

minority and ethnic relations essays What do we mean by the social construction of identity? Any attempt to compare the suffering of the blacks and Jews would seem likely to be felled by the waves of invidious comparisons. That is because any such comparison is likely to be seen, however obliquely, as an endeavour to answer the question: which group has suffered more- blacks or Jews? Indicatively, this question could be perceived to address the point of not who suffered more, but why did they suffer? This can be answered in relation to the social construction of identity. The Jews and Blacks identities were socially identified and regarded by others as not belonging to the majority group during that historical period. So what do we mean when we talk about the social construction of identity? The concept of identity has always been blurred but in recent years, the study of identity has been greatly enhanced by cross-cultural studies in history, sociology, anthropology and psychology. The key point of departure for much discussion is the real world observation that nationalist, regional, racial and ethnic mobilisations are occurring globally and pervasively (Cohen, 1994). However, at the same time, within national, racial or regional units of identification, there are other kinds of groupings that are organised often on the social axes of age, gender, class, religion, race or disability that form their own identity. These too are claiming rights or advantages in the name of their particular social affiliation. Before we can begin to understand the social constructions of identity we need to analyse how and why these identities come to be assimilated in our society? Although identity construction may occur in any part of a society through social change and circumstance and of human interpretation and action, it must be noted that social construction occurs contingently upon the situation in which the groups find themselves: the context ...

Customer Buying Behavior Essays

Customer Buying Behavior Essays Customer Buying Behavior Essay Customer Buying Behavior Essay Click vs. Brick (1 page limit: use approximate space provided) |Name: | | |Student Number: | | |Tutorial day and time: | | List the products that you have searched for information online in the past 12 months and BOLD those you actually bought online. |Sports outfits (Real Madrid Football Club Away Kit) | |Play Station video games Pre-Orders (Fifa 14, GTAV, Batman Arkham Origins) | |Furniture (Office Chair) | |Mobile phone devices (iPhone 5 and Samsung S4) | |What other product categories are often bought online? |Entertainment Products such as Movies and Musical CDs/DVDs | |Air Passage such as Tickets and frequent flyers Miles | |Books and Textbooks such as Amazon. com | |Health and Diet Products such as Protein Concentrate and diet formulas | |Musical Instruments such as Guitars and Drums | |List the characteristics that make a product more suitable to online purchasing? |For products that are NOT available in stores nearby or in the same country. | |The discounted prices and promotions for online purchasing | |On line facilities that allows the consumer to search and compare the product’s attributes and prices against similar products | |Save time and the convenience of making or changing orders, and the returning or refunding policies | |The online purchasing is best suitable for Software products that allows the consumer for a trail period prior to purchasing the actual license | |List the potential advantages of online (vs offline) purchasing to an individual? |Discounted prices and promotions | |Doing shopping on consumers own time and convenience (24 hours service at any place and from a computer or mobile) | |Faster way to find t he suitable and best product on line rather than window shopping in Malls | |Allowing the person to take his/her own time to make a decision and talk to friends and read reviews or testimonials and compare against similar | |products | |Consumers receive alerts and information about new publications, promotions, releases, and Sale via Mobile text messages, or emails | |Avoid cross selling and persuasion from sales people and talking consumers into buying new products or unneeded accessories | |What characteristics (demographic and psychographic) make a person more likely to buy online vs offline? | |Such characteristics are summarized in a study The Impact of Perceived Channel Utilities, Shopping Orientations, and Demographics on the Consumer’s | |Online Buying Behavior conducted by Li, Kuo and Russell (1999) on the following link http://jcmc. indiana. edu/vol5/issue2/hairong. tml#Introduction | | | |for four categories are as follows: | |Gender behaviour: Male are 76% occasi onal and frequent buyers, while Female are 69% | |Age range behaviour: 30 – 39 age group are 78% occasional and frequent buyers, 50 – 65 age group are 77%, over 65 age group are 76% | |Education background behaviour: Graduate Degree are 83% occasional and frequent buyers, College Graduate are 81%, and some graduate study are 78% | |Annual Income behaviour: more than 80 thousands are 77% occasional and frequent buyers, between 50 and 80 thousands are 76%, and between 30 and 50 | |thousands are 73% | [pic]

Recent Legal History of the Death Penalty in America

Recent Legal History of the Death Penalty in America While capital punishment – the death penalty – has been an integral part of the American judicial system since the colonial period, when a person could be executed for offenses like witchcraft or stealing grapes, the modern history of American execution has been shaped largely by political reaction to public opinion. According to data on capital punishment collected by the federal government’s Bureau of Justice Statistics, a total of 1,394 people were executed under sentences handed down by federal and state civilian courts from 1997 to 2014. However, there have been extended periods in recent history during which punitive death took a holiday. Voluntary Moratorium: 1967-1972 While all but 10 states allowed the death penalty in the late 1960s, and an average of 130 executions per year were being carried out, public opinion turned sharply against the death penalty. Several other nations had dropped the death penalty by the early 1960s and legal authorities in the U.S. were starting to question whether or not executions represented cruel and unusual punishments under the Eighth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Public support for the death penalty reached its lowest point in 1966, when a Gallup poll showed only 42% of Americans approved of the practice. Between 1967 and 1972, the U.S. observed what amounted to a voluntary moratorium on executions as the U.S. Supreme Court wrestled with the issue. In several cases not directly testing its constitutionality, the Supreme Court modified the application and administration of the death penalty. The most significant of these cases dealt with juries in capital cases. In a 1971 case, the Supreme Court upheld the unrestricted right of juries to both determine guilt or innocence of the accused and to impose the death penalty in a single trial. Supreme Court Overturns Most Death Penalty Laws In the 1972 case of Furman v. Georgia, the Supreme Court issued a 5-4 decision effectively striking down most federal and state death penalty laws finding them arbitrary and capricious. The court held that the death penalty laws, as written, violated the cruel and unusual punishment provision of the Eighth Amendment and the due process guarantees of the Fourteenth Amendment. As a result of Furman v. Georgia, more than 600 prisoners who had been sentenced to death between 1967 and 1972 had their death sentences commuted. Â   Supreme Court Upholds New Death Penalty Laws The Supreme Courts decision in Furman v. Georgia did not rule the death penalty itself to be unconstitutional, only the specific laws by which it was applied. Thus, the states quickly began to write new death penalty laws designed to comply with the courts ruling. The first of the new death penalty laws created by the states of Texas, Florida and Georgia gave the courts wider discretion in applying the death penalty for specific crimes and provided for the current bifurcated trial system, in which a first trial determines guilt or innocence and a second trial determines punishment. The Texas and Georgia laws allowed the jury to decide punishment, while Floridas law left the punishment up to the trial judge. In five related cases, the Supreme Court upheld various aspects of the new death penalty laws. These cases were: Gregg v. Georgia, 428 U.S. 153 (1976)Jurek v. Texas, 428 U.S. 262 (1976)Proffitt v. Florida, 428 U.S. 242 (1976)Woodson v. North Carolina, 428 U.S. 280 (1976)Roberts v. Louisiana, 428 U.S. 325 (1976) As a result of these decisions, 21 states threw out their old mandatory death penalty laws and hundreds of death row prisoners had their sentences changed to life in prison. Execution Resumes On January 17, 1977, convicted murderer Gary Gilmore told a Utah firing squad, Lets do it! and became the first prisoner since 1976 executed under the new death penalty laws. A total of 85 prisoners - 83 men and two women - in 14 U.S. states were executed during 2000. Current Status of the Death Penalty As of January 1, 2015, the death penalty was legal in 31 states: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, and Wyoming. Nineteen states and the District of Columbia have abolished the death penalty: Alaska, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. Between the reinstatement of the death penalty in 1976 and 2015, executions have been carried out in thirty-four states. From 1997 to 2014, Texas led all death penalty-legal states, carrying out a total of 518 executions, far ahead of Oklahoma’s 111, Virginia’s 110, and Florida’s 89. Detailed statistics on executions and capital punishment can be found on the Bureau of Justice Statistics’ Capital Punishment website.

Asian American Observer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Asian American Observer - Essay Example After reading the Asian America Observer (2012), a reader will get the impression that gender inequality is a pressing issue in Asian American culture. The newspaper features many articles about women and gender issues and this shows that they are most prevalent in the Asian American community. Apparently, women have it tough in acquiring descent job opportunities because of gender privileges. These privileges offer men more opportunities than it tends to for women. Asian American Observer has provided a good understanding of the social issues in Asian American culture as well as the current events that affect Asian Americans. The observer has included several publications that show the community has more social issues relating to gender and women than any other culture. This is seen as a good effort in creating awareness about this community as individuals will understand the culture better therefore make great contributions in bringing about change (Asian America Observer, 2012). A sense of racial solidarity has been noted in the Asian culture since they have a family orientation in the Asian American community. This matter however does not hide the fact that social issues regarding gender and women are prevalent in Asian American culture. ... Men are also more likely to get well paying jobs in high civil positions. There is a stereotype in the Asian American culture where men are believed to be more productive than women. Men will therefore receive more challenging responsibilities compared to women in the work environment. The observer has shown how gender privileges put women at a huge disadvantage as they are left to compete for the degrading and poor paying jobs (Asian America Observer, 2012). They tend to suffer as they are forced to labour under poor conditions. It has also been noticed that men are more likely to benefit from programmes developed for employees in the work environment compared to women. This shows there is limited access of women to training as well as preparation for other opportunities in the place of work. The event had an aim of raising Asian American cultural sensitivity to ensure women are not sidelined at work and should benefit from opportunities that arise in the work place as much as men d o. It is believed that gender equality will offer opportunities to both men and women therefore make better contribution towards team effort. The current event aimed at moving towards the development of Asian America as a community. It stated clear goals and objectives that would contribute in empowering members of the community, especially women. It had been noted that Asian Americans from Philippines, China, Korea and Japan used to work in farm plantations as most of them lacked formal education. The event had an aim of bringing together all Asian Americans so that they can educate individuals who are in the community as well as outside to make Asian Americans realize the real meaning of their culture. This would help

Challenges and Responses to Improving Geriatric Nursing Care Essay

Challenges and Responses to Improving Geriatric Nursing Care - Essay Example Therefore, there is not only shortage of nurses to deal with the old aged, but also poor services offered by practicing nurses. There is need for colleges to equip nursing students with skills to enable them perform optimally when serving the old. Incorporating practical sessions and internship will help a great deal in improving their knowledge. Experience gathered during internship provides one with a chance to practice handling the old age at an early age, and thus perform better latter at work. It is therefore necessary to understand the needs of the old aged, and how best to deal with them. From research, nurses who have interacted with the old people understand them better, communicate with them effectively and are able to attend to them comfortably and effectively. Discussion Nursing education and practice for the aged challenges The number of old-aged people seeking health care facilities is rising with no or minimal changes in the number of nurses specialized in the field. A ccording to Hickman, University of Western Sydney and Newton (2007), most of the nurses attending to the old people have no special training. Therefore, apart from the shortage of nurses trained in dealing with the old, the already practicing nurses are offering substandard services to the old aged. This is because they lack professional competence in that area. Various reasons have contributed to reduced number of people training in gerontological studies, (Vincent, 2012). For instance, education institutions are faced with the challenge of handling large numbers of students. This leads to difficult in the institution offering the required facilities to the learners, hence leading to inadequate education. As such, nurses graduating from such institutions are not fully prepared to handle the elderly. Additionally, students find it difficult to pursue education program on care giving to the old age due to complexity of research projects undertaken in the field (Shellman, 2012). Moreo ver, studying gerontology is expensive, thus not affordable to some people. The nursing services for the old aged are quite costly making them unaffordable to a majority of the population. Due to health complication associated with old age, the elderly have frequent visits to health facilities thus, take a quantitative amount of their income. Additionally, most of the health care institutions cannot afford quality facilities for providing high quality services to the elderly. University of Western Sydney and Halcomb (2007) suggests that huge costs are required to equip the institutions with the facilities. As such, due to monopoly, institutions that have such facilities transfer the cost to the clients in form of increased health care fees. The cultural norms influence nurses in learning and carrying out their daily assignments. For example, there is a belief that the old age is characterized with diseases and sicknesses. In actual sense, there are old people who are healthy and do not have frequent body complications. As such, given the required attention and care, they are able to perform normally. From a different perspective, the elderly have values that differ from those of the youths, due to age difference and experience (Fox, 2013). This differences lead to a challenge when a young nurse is dealing with an old aged person. The disparity result to conflict and discomfort, and consequently leads to ineffectiveness in service delivery. Cultural differences are present when people